Historical Context: Pentecost (Shavuot) was 50 days after Passover, celebrating the wheat harvest and giving of the Torah at Sinai. Jews from across the Roman Empire and beyond gathered in Jerusalem. The crowd included Parthians, Medes, Elamites, Mesopotamians, Judeans, Cappadocians, Pontians, Asians, Phrygians, Pamphylians, Egyptians, Libyans, Romans, Cretans, and Arabs.